Estudio y Optimización del proceso de carbonización de endocarpio de coco para generar materiales carbonáceos de interés comercial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64351/rdynamikos.Vol4.N2.art4Palabras clave:
Biomateriales, Desechos Agroindustriales, Endocarpio de Coco, FTIR, TGA/DSCResumen
En el presente trabajo se presenta la síntesis de materiales a base de carbono a partir del endocarpio de la semilla de cocoteros (Cocos nucifera), procurando estandarizar la producción de biocarbon por medio de la maximización de los parámetros de rendimiento y la correlación con una muestra estándar de grafito comercial. Metodología: La biomasa fue recolectada y sometida a calentamiento aplicando la metodología de diseño experimental de superficie de respuesta con un total de 20 experimentos, a partir de la interacción entre el tiempo y la temperatura. Además, se calculó el porcentaje de rendimiento (%R) para cada tratamiento, y se estimó una correlación que comparo cada grafito obtenido con una muestra estándar comercial, utilizando la técnica de Espectrometría de Infrarrojo por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Por otro lado, se realizó una caracterización de la biomasa aplicando el análisis termogravimetrico (TGA/DSC). Resultados: se pudo demostrar que la temperatura y el tiempo de calentamiento influencia significativamente los parámetros estudiados de los tratamientos en el proceso de carbonización. En cuanto a la caracterización, se pudo evidenciar que a una temperatura de 800°C la biomasa experimenta un cambio en el flujo de calor que tras exponer la muestra a temperatura ambiente ocasiona que esta se humedezca con facilidad. Conclusión: El rendimiento y la correlación de similitud para el proceso de carbonización del endocarpio de la semilla de cocotero, encuentra una optimización bajo un tiempo de 3 h y una temperatura de 632°C, con un con un porcentaje de rendimiento de 16.29% y un índice de similitud de 0.5526.
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